目前web应用很多时候都需要像用户发送邮件，尤其是在我们注册的时候，其实这些邮件很多时候内容都是类似的，仅仅是一些有户名等不同，那么我们是否可以利用一个模板呢，模板里面有一些占位符，当我们要发送邮件的时候，仅仅把这些占位符做一替换就行了呢？答案肯定是可以的，请看下面的例子程序：
1. 邮件模板mailTemplate.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<email>
<ProjectMail>
<subject id="ProjectSubject"> <![CDATA[Hello%toUsername%]]></subject>
<content id="ProjectMailBody">
<![CDATA[<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
<HTML>
<HEAD>
<META http-equiv=Content-Type content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<META content="MSHTML 6.00.6000.17063" name=GENERATOR>
<STYLE>
TABLE {
margin-left: 20px;
}
TD {
border: 1px solid #CBCBCB;
}
.dataString {
text-align:left;
padding-left:3px;
}
.tableTittle{
background-color: #FF9900;
}
</STYLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY bgColor=#ffffff>
<DIV>
<FONT face=Arial size=2></FONT>
</DIV>
<DIV>
<FONT face=Arial size=2>
Hi %name%,
</FONT>
</DIV>
<br>
<DIV>
<FONT face=Arial size=2>
欢迎注册
</FONT>
</DIV>
<br>
<DIV>
<FONT face=Arial size=2>
该邮件是系统自动发出，请不要直接回复，谢谢
</FONT>
</DIV>
<br>
<table width="800" border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tr class="tableTittle">
<th width="25%">
<font size="2" face="Arial" class="dataString" >
<p align="center">
Name
</p>
</font>
</th>
<th width="25%">
<font size="2" face="Arial" class="dataString" >
<p align="center">
Date and time
</p>
</font>
</th>
</tr>
<#listItems></#listItems>
</table>
<br>
<DIV>
<FONT face=Arial size=2></FONT>
</DIV>
<DIV>
<FONT face=Arial size=2>
Kind regards,
</FONT>
</DIV>
<DIV>
<FONT face=Arial size=2>
Bridge
</FONT>
</DIV>
</BODY>
</HTML>
]]>
</content>
</ProjectMail>
</email>
- Java代码：
@Service("mailService")
public class MailServiceImpl implements MailService {
private static final Logger LOG = LoggerFactory.getLogger(MailServiceImpl.class);
private static final String DO_INVOICE_ITMES ="<#listItems></#listItems>";
private static final String NAME = "%name%";
@Override
public void sendMail() {
List<String> mailCCList = new ArrayList<String>();
String attachmentPath = null；
Map<String, String> mail = buildMail(receiverName);
String emailContent = mail.get("mailContent");
String subject = mail.get("emailSubject");
toSendMail(receiverMailAddress, mailCCList, emailContent, subject, attachmentPath, attachmentName);
}
private void toSendMail(String toAddress, List<String> mailCCList, String emailContent, String subject, String attachmentPath, String attachmentName) {
Properties props = new Properties();
// Set the attribute of mail server
props.put("mail.smtp.host", MAIL_SERVER_HOST));
// Need to be authorized, such ability through validation (must have this one)
props.put("mail.smtp.auth", "true");
// Build a session with props objects
Session session = Session.getDefaultInstance(props);
// Using the session as parameters define the message object
MimeMessage message = new MimeMessage(session);
Transport transport = null;
try {
// Load the sender's address
message.setFrom(new InternetAddress(MAIL_ADDRESS));
// Load the recipient address
message.addRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO, new InternetAddress(toAddress));
if (StringUtil.isNotEmpty(mailCCList)) {
InternetAddress[] to_mail = new InternetAddress[mailCCList.size()];
for (int i = 0; i < mailCCList.size(); i++) {
to_mail[i] = new InternetAddress(mailCCList.get(i));
}
message.addRecipients(Message.RecipientType.CC, to_mail);
}
// Load the subject
message.setSubject(subject);
// Add mail each part to the multipart, including the text content and accessories
MimeMultipart multipart = new MimeMultipart();
// Set the HTML content of the message
BodyPart contentPart = new MimeBodyPart();
// To set the content and format/encoding of BodyPart
contentPart.setContent(emailContent, "text/html;charset=UTF-8");
multipart.setSubType("related");
multipart.addBodyPart(contentPart);
// Add attachment
if (!StringUtil.isNullOrEmpty(attachmentName)) {
contentPart = new MimeBodyPart();
DataSource source = new FileDataSource(attachmentPath);
// Add attachment's content
contentPart.setDataHandler(new DataHandler(source));
// Add attachment's title
contentPart.setFileName(attachmentName);
multipart.addBodyPart(contentPart);
}
// Add multipart object to the message
message.setContent(multipart);
// Save the mail
message.saveChanges();
transport = session.getTransport("smtp");
// Connect the mail server
transport.connect(MAIL_SERVER_HOST, MAIL_SERVER_USERNAME, MAIL_SERVER_PASSWORD);
// Send mail
transport.sendMessage(message, message.getAllRecipients());
LOG.info("Send mail to: " + toAddress + ",success");
} catch (AddressException e) {
LOG.error(e);
} catch (NoSuchProviderException e) {
LOG.error(e);
} catch (MessagingException e) {
LOG.error(e);
} finally {
try {
if (null != transport) {
transport.close();
}
} catch (MessagingException e) {
LOG.error(e);
}
}
}
private Map<String, String> buildMail(String receiverName) {
StringBuilder itemsBuilder = new StringBuilder();
Element emailTemplateRoot = getXMLRootElement("mailTemplate.xml");
String emailSubject = emailTemplateRoot.selectSingleNode("//*[@id='ProjectSubject']").getText().replace(TOUSERNAME, receiverName.toUpperCase());
StringBuilder content = new StringBuilder();
String mailTemplateContent = emailTemplateRoot.selectSingleNode("//*[@id='ProjectMailBody']").getText();
mailTemplateContent = mailTemplateContent.replace(NAME, receiverName).replace(DO_INVOICE_ITMES, itemsBuilder.toString());
content.append(mailTemplateContent);
Map<String, String> mail = new HashMap<String, String>();
mail.put("emailSubject", emailSubject);
mail.put("mailContent", content.toString());
return mail;
}
private String getColumnDataString(String data) {
String columnData = null;
columnData = "<td class='dataString'><font size='2' face='Arial'><p align='center'>" + data
+ "</p></font></td>" + "n";
return columnData;
}
private Element getXMLRootElement(String emailFile) {
SAXReader reader = new SAXReader();
InputStream inputStream = this.getClass().getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream(emailFile);
Document document = null;
try {
document = reader.read(inputStream);
} catch (DocumentException e) {
LOG.error("Get XML Root Element fail, DocumentException", e);
}
return document.getRootElement();
}
}
2015.05.25补记：
写这篇文章时，由于是刚写博客，所以写的各种乱，大家可以参考这篇文章：http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_86e49b8f01018zet.html，其实老夫当年写这篇文章时，也是参考了这篇文章，当时没有加上参考链接，是在惭愧
2018.09.10补记：
有感于上面的代码写的实在是太烂，稍微优化了一下，供需要的小伙伴参考：
package cn.bridgeli.demo;
import org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils;
import javax.activation.DataHandler;
import javax.activation.DataSource;
import javax.activation.FileDataSource;
import javax.mail.BodyPart;
import javax.mail.Message;
import javax.mail.MessagingException;
import javax.mail.Multipart;
import javax.mail.NoSuchProviderException;
import javax.mail.Session;
import javax.mail.Transport;
import javax.mail.internet.AddressException;
import javax.mail.internet.InternetAddress;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeBodyPart;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMultipart;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Properties;
public class SendMailUtil {
private SendMailUtil() {
}
/**
* smtp 服务器地址
*/
private static String host = "";
/**
* 端口
*/
private static String port = "465";
/**
* 用户名
*/
private static String user = "";
/**
* 密码
*/
private static String pwd = "";
/**
* 发件人邮件地址
*/
private static String from = "";
/**
* 发送邮件
*
* @param receiveUsers 收件人邮箱地址
* @param subject 邮件主题
* @param text 邮件内容
* @param affix 邮件附件地址
* @param affixName 邮件附件名
*/
public static void send(List<String> receiveUsers, String subject, String text, String affix, String affixName) {
Properties props = new Properties();
// 设置发送邮件的邮件服务器的属性
props.put("mail.smtp.host", host);
props.put("mail.transport.protocol", "smtp");
// 需要经过授权，也就是有户名和密码的校验，这样才能通过验证（一定要有这一条）
props.put("mail.smtp.auth", "true");
// 使用ssl采用465端口发送邮件
props.put("mail.smtp.socketFactory.class", "javax.net.ssl.SSLSocketFactory");
props.put("mail.smtp.socketFactory.fallback", "false");
props.put("mail.smtp.port", port);
props.put("mail.smtp.socketFactory.port", port);
// 用刚刚设置好的props对象构建一个session
Session session = Session.getDefaultInstance(props);
// 有了这句便可以在发送邮件的过程中在console处显示过程信息，供调试使用（你可以在控制台（console)上看到发送邮件的过程）
session.setDebug(true);
// 用session为参数定义消息对象
MimeMessage message = new MimeMessage(session);
Transport transport = null;
try {
message.setFrom(new InternetAddress(from));
// 加载收件人地址
int size = receiveUsers.size();
InternetAddress[] address = new InternetAddress[size];
for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
address[i] = new InternetAddress(receiveUsers.get(i));
}
// to 为收件人， cc 为抄送， bcc 为密送
message.addRecipients(Message.RecipientType.TO, address);
message.setSubject(subject);
// 向multipart对象中添加邮件的各个部分内容，包括文本内容和附件
Multipart multipart = new MimeMultipart();
// 设置邮件的文本内容
BodyPart contentPart = new MimeBodyPart();
contentPart.setText(text);
multipart.addBodyPart(contentPart);
// 添加附件
if (StringUtils.isNotBlank(affix) && StringUtils.isNotBlank(affixName)) {
BodyPart messageBodyPart = new MimeBodyPart();
DataSource source = new FileDataSource(affix);
// 添加附件的内容
messageBodyPart.setDataHandler(new DataHandler(source));
// 添加附件的标题，这里很重要，通过下面的 Base64 编码的转换可以保证你的中文附件标题名在发送时不会变成乱码
sun.misc.BASE64Encoder enc = new sun.misc.BASE64Encoder();
messageBodyPart.setFileName("=?GBK?B?" + enc.encode(affixName.getBytes()) + "?=");
multipart.addBodyPart(messageBodyPart);
}
// 将multipart对象放到message中
message.setContent(multipart);
// 设置发送的日期
message.setSentDate(new Date());
// 保存邮件
message.saveChanges();
// 发送邮件
transport = session.getTransport("smtp");
// 连接服务器的邮箱
transport.connect(host, user, pwd);
// 把邮件发送出去
transport.sendMessage(message, message.getAllRecipients());
} catch (NoSuchProviderException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (AddressException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (MessagingException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
if (null != transport) {
try {
transport.close();
} catch (MessagingException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
}
需要引入的依赖：
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.mail</groupId>
<artifactId>mail</artifactId>
<version>1.4.7</version>
</dependency>